What is Sesame Allergy? 

Sesame allergy prevalence varies globally, but in the United States, it is estimated to affect between 0.1% and 0.24% of the population. Sesame is now recognized as one of the nine most common food allergens in the U.S. and is the leading cause of seed allergies. The onset of sesame allergy typically occurs between 6 months and 3.5 years of age, though some studies have reported adult-onset cases. Only about 20–30% of individuals outgrow their sesame allergy, with the majority remaining allergic for life.

The symptoms and severity of a sesame allergy can vary widely between individuals, making recognition essential. Sesame allergy reactions can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening anaphylaxis. Symptoms may develop within seconds or several hours after consuming sesame-containing foods and can involve multiple body systems. Below is a breakdown of potential symptoms by system:

• Skin: rashes, hives, or itching

• Mouth and throat: swelling of the lips or tongue, tightness in the throat

• Gastrointestinal tract: vomiting, diarrhea, or stomach cramps

• Lungs: wheezing, coughing, or difficulty breathing

• Cardiovascular system: low blood pressure or rapid heart rate

Given this range, it is important to be vigilant for any symptoms following sesame exposure.

Navigating Life with a Sesame Allergy: Reading Food Labels 

The Food Allergy Safety, Treatment, Education, and Research (FASTER) Act was signed into law on April 23, 2021. This legislation designated sesame as the ninth major food allergen in the United States, requiring it to be clearly listed on food labels - a requirement that took effect on January 1, 2023. However, foods regulated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, such as meat, poultry, and egg products, are not included in this mandate. Alcoholic beverages are also excluded, as a different regulatory bureau oversees them.

Under the FASTER Act, sesame must be declared on food labels in one of two ways:

1. By including a clear “Contains” statement. For example, “Contains: Sesame”.

2. By listing the common or usual name of the ingredient, followed by the food source allergen. For example, “gingelly (sesame)”.

While the FASTER Act requires sesame to be listed on labels, it remains important to carefully check ingredient lists, as sesame can sometimes be hidden under less familiar names. If you have a sesame allergy, be alert for the following ingredients when reading food labels:

Unfortunately, sesame may be hidden under generic terms such as “flavoring,” “spices,” or “seasoning.” Since the exact ingredients are not specified, it is safer to avoid these products to prevent accidental exposure.

Dining Out Safely 

Living with a sesame allergy does not mean you have to give up dining out or enjoying everyday life; it simply requires a bit more planning. Before visiting a restaurant, review the menu online and look for allergen information. Even if you select what appears to be a safe dish, always inform your server about your allergy to help prevent cross-contamination during meal preparation. If you have a history of anaphylactic reactions, it’s essential to carry your EpiPen and any other prescribed allergy medications whenever you dine out.

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