GERD and Constipation: Exploring the Potential Connection 

As a dietitian, I have many patients who come to me with complaints of both GERD and constipation. This made me think that if my patients are experiencing these issues, surely many others are, too. This guide not only explores the potential link between these two common digestive issues but will also help you discover dietary and lifestyle changes that can promote digestive health. 

Is There a Cause-and-Effect Relationship? Research on the Link Between GERD and Constipation 

However limited, some studies have specifically explored the correlation between GERD and constipation. Because of the limited studies available, there is still the need for further research to confirm causation; however, the studies that have been published are very promising. Some research suggests that around 29% of patients with GERD also suffer from chronic constipation, and this retrospective observational study found that laxative use was notably higher in the GERD (38/1%) group than in the non-GERD group (21.3%). 

Unfortunately, the mechanism behind the link between GERD and constipation is still not fully understood. One possible connection is that often, medications used to treat GERD cause constipation, especially proton pump inhibitors and H2 blockers. 

Managing GERD and Constipation: Strategies for Relief 

Luckily, there are several dietary modifications that you can implement when living with GERD and constipation. Fiber-rich foods are a great solution and are helpful for a smooth digestive journey. Some examples of fiber-rich foods to include in your diet are fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. It’s important to always opt for low-acidic fruits and vegetables, such as melons and leafy greens when meal planning to ensure it does not worsen your GERD symptoms. The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends adults over the age of 19 consuming around 2,000 calories per day get at least 2.5 cups of vegetables and 2 cups of fruits per day. However, the more, the better! Fiber intake depends on gender and age; adults need between 22 and 34 grams of fiber daily. 

Not only can incorporating dietary modifications help relieve GERD and constipation, but lifestyle changes can also help. We all have been taught the importance of water. Not only is it essential for survival, but inadequate water intake can worsen our constipation. Other key lifestyle factors to consider are managing stress and increasing your exercise. Managing stress can be a bit more tricky than just implementing exercise into your day, so I’d encourage you to spend some extra time finding what truly works for you, whether it be yoga, meditation, grounding, or something else. This article explores the connection between stress and acid reflux, detailing how stress can impact digestive health. Additionally, there’s an insightful piece from Foodguides that covers the role of exercise in managing stress and supporting digestion. 

If you’ve tried implementing lifestyle changes and dietary modifications with no success in ridding your GERD or constipation, it could be beneficial to consult with your doctor for a personalized treatment plan. There are several medication options to help combat your constipation, from over-the-counter to prescribed medications. Your doctor can help you find the right treatment plan for you.

1. _{Golen, T., & Ricciotti, H. (2022, May 1). Could stress be making my acid reflux worse? Harvard Health Publishing. https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/could-stress-be-making-my-acid-reflux-worse} 
2. _{Hosseini, M., Salari, M., & Salari, R. (2015). Psyllium seed may be effective in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in patients with functional constipation. Journal of Medical Hypotheses and Ideas, 9(2, Suppl), S4–S7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmhi.2015.11.002} 
3. _{Momma, E., Koeda, M., Tanabe, T., & Koike, K. (2021). Relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and constipation: Laxative use is common in GERD patients. Esophagus, 18(1), 152–155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10388-020-00770-5} 
4. _{Proton Pump Inhibitors (ppis): What they are & side effects. Cleveland Clinic. (2024, September 23). https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/proton-pump-inhibitors}  
5. _{U.S. Department of Agriculture, & U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). Dietary guidelines for Americans. Dietary Guidelines.gov. https://www.dietaryguidelines.gov/} 
6. _{What are H2 blockers?. Cleveland Clinic. (2024, May 10). https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/h2-blockers}